Heart disease | Top 53 novel treatment findings

Early cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce heart disease risk in children with LDLR variant.

Identifying individuals with the p.G137S variant allows for early treatment, which can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Study published: 2022-01-12

Increased anticoagulant therapy reduces mortality and stroke in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation.

The study found a significant decrease in the five-year risk of all-cause mortality and stroke across all patient groups, with mortality rates dropping from 69.1% to 51.3% for prevalent AF, and stroke risk decreasing from 8.5% to 5.0% in the same group.

Study published: 2024-03-16

Continuous positive airway pressure therapy increases in-hospital death risk in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Patients with OSA who were not treated with CPAP had significantly lower in-hospital mortality and resource utilization, indicating that CPAP may not be beneficial in this population.

Study published: 2023-02-21

Exercise training benefits depend on medications

In patients taking both beta-blockers and RASIs, exercise reduced the risk of all-cause death (HR, 0.86). Using the SEEM score to guide exercise training was associated with significant reductions in all-cause death and hospitalization risks (HR, 0.54 and HR, 0.83, respectively).

Study published: 2022-02-27

Coronary revascularization reduces death risk in patients with high LDL-C

Patients with higher baseline LDL-C levels had a lower incidence of all-cause death compared to those with very low LDL-C levels, indicating a potential protective effect of higher LDL-C.

Study published: 2023-10-27

Sotagliflozin reduces hospital readmissions in heart failure patients with diabetes.

Sotagliflozin reduced annualized rehospitalization rates by 34.5%, emergency department visits by 40.0%, and mortality by 18.0%, resulting in a net gain of 0.425 quality-adjusted life years compared to standard care.

Study published: 2023-12-06

sST2 predicts mortality in LVAD patients

Time-dependent post-operative sST2 levels significantly predict all-cause mortality and right heart failure after LVAD implantation, indicating its potential as a biomarker for patient monitoring.

Study published: 2023-02-08

CYP2C19 genotype affects PCI outcomes

Among 4,461 Veterans, 301 patients (6.7%) experienced MACE. In the ACS group, 7.9% experienced MACE, while in the SIHD group, 5.9% did. LOF carriers had a numerically higher risk of MACE in the ACS group compared to non-carriers.

Study published: 2023-10-26

Cardiac rehabilitation improves quality of life in heart failure patients

CR participation increased from 2010 to 2018 among heart failure patients, with higher rates observed in those with HFrEF. Improved functional capacity and quality of life were noted as positive outcomes of CR.

Study published: 2023-03-05

Delayed CABG improves cardiovascular outcomes

Patients who underwent delayed CABG had a significantly lower cumulative incidence of composite cardiovascular outcomes (CVO) at three years compared to those who received timely PCI (9.6% vs. 23.2%).

Study published: 2024-06-13

Delayed coronary artery bypass graft surgery lowers mortality risk in older patients with stable ischemic heart disease.

Patients undergoing delayed CABG had a significantly lower mortality rate (4.3%) compared to those receiving timely PCI (13.5%) at three years post-procedure, indicating a mortality benefit for CABG despite delays.

Study published: 2024-04-24

Testosterone improves heart failure outcomes

Positive outcomes include improved functional capacity, reduced frailty, and enhanced quality of life in older men with chronic heart failure receiving testosterone therapy.

Study published: 2021-10-11

Statin therapy reduces heart attack risk in high genetic risk patients.

Statin therapy was found to significantly reduce the risk of incident myocardial infarction, with greater effectiveness observed in patients with high polygenic risk scores compared to those with low scores.

Study published: 2021-07-29

Aspirin dose impacts Kawasaki disease outcomes

Higher doses of aspirin were associated with a shorter length of hospital stay and lower medical costs, while low doses were linked to an increased risk of coronary artery abnormalities.

Study published: 2023-02-21

Psychotherapy and antidepressants reduce hospitalizations for heart disease patients with anxiety and depression.

Patients receiving mental health treatment were 87% less likely to be re-hospitalized, 73% less likely to have an emergency department visit, and 65% less likely to die from any cause compared to those who did not receive treatment.

Study published: 2023-05-28

Coronary artery bypass grafting improves survival for patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy.

CABG+OMT resulted in 7.01 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) at a cost of $160,124, demonstrating superior health outcomes compared to PCI+OMT, which yielded 4.87 QALYs at a cost of $121,368.

Study published: 2024-06-09

Right anterolateral thoracotomy improves recovery in patients with valvular heart disease.

The study demonstrated smooth cannulation, satisfactory exposure, and no procedure-related mortality, with a wide age range of patients successfully undergoing the procedure.

Study published: 2024-04-01

Lipid traits linked to heart failure risk

The study provides genetic evidence that lipid traits are associated with heart failure risk, with PCSK9 inhibition, CETP inhibition, and LPL activation showing effectiveness in reducing HF risk.

Study published: 2022-03-25

Cardiac rehab improves fitness in youth

Significant improvements were observed in peak oxygen consumption, 6-minute walk distance, sit-to-stand repetitions, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores, and Physical Component Scores among participants.

Study published: 2023-03-27

Digital telerehabilitation improves patient care

The study aims to improve patient activation, quality of life, and clinical/functional measures through the use of the SIDERA^B system compared to usual care.

Study published: 2022-04-19

Mechanical unloading reduces cardiomyocyte DNA content

Decreased DNA content in cardiomyocytes and reduced cell size were observed, indicating a potential regression of hypertrophic changes.

Study published: 2020-12-22

Epicardial transplantation of atrial appendage micrografts improves heart function in patients with coronary artery disease.

Increased viable cardiac tissue at the infarct site as demonstrated by CMR, along with improved hemodynamic and cardiac function over time.

Study published: 2021-03-12

Medical therapy reduces PICM risk

The study found that patients receiving medical therapy had a significantly lower incidence of PICM (4.7%) compared to the control group (7.0%). Combination therapy with ACEI/ARB and BB showed the lowest risk of PICM (HR 0.46).

Study published: 2024-07-11

Direct oral anticoagulants reduce stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease or valvular disease.

DOACs were associated with reduced bleeding risks and lower stroke incidence compared to warfarin in patients with AF and CKD or valvular disease, particularly in those with more severe CKD.

Study published: 2024-01-15

Exercise improves breathing in heart failure

The study found that exCR was associated with significant improvements in abnormal breathing patterns and gas exchange parameters, leading to better prognostic outcomes for patients with LVD.

Study published: 2023-03-18

CoQ10 improves heart function in CVD

CoQ10 supplementation significantly improved mitochondrial function and systolic function, evidenced by increased ATP production and a mean improvement in ejection fraction of 5.6%.

Study published: 2024-07-04

Vaccination against respiratory infections improves outcomes in heart failure patients

Vaccination rates among heart failure patients were 54.5% for influenza, 74.7% for pneumococcal, and 81.3% for COVID-19 vaccines. Patients with heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) had the highest vaccination rates.

Study published: 2023-09-08

Monitoring cumulative remnant cholesterol reduces ischemic heart disease risk.

Elevated cumRC levels significantly correlate with increased risk of ischemic heart disease, suggesting that regular monitoring can aid in prevention.

Study published: 2023-10-27

The echo-marker predicts improved survival in patients with moderate aortic stenosis.

AugMAP effectively identifies patients at higher mortality risk within the first two years after diagnosis, independent of LVEF, and is associated with improved survival outcomes when used for early intervention.

Study published: 2021-10-22

Coronary artery bypass grafting improves survival in heart failure patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.

The nomogram effectively predicts overall survival rates at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, showing that low-risk patients have significantly better survival outcomes compared to high-risk patients.

Study published: 2023-10-05

Exercise improves brain health in CAD

Expected positive outcomes include increased global and regional cerebral blood flow, improved cognitive measures (general cognition, executive function, episodic memory), enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness, and overall better brain health in CAD patients participating in exercise interventions.

Study published: 2024-05-22

Cardiac surgery improves survival rates for adults with heart disease

Improvement in short-term (in-hospital) outcomes, with a noted decrease in in-hospital mortality by 20% since 2010, although mid- and long-term outcomes remain largely unchanged.

Study published: 2024-05-10

Revascularization improves heart function and survival in heart failure patients

Patients with a greater percentage of LV end-systolic dimension (LVESD) reduction had a lower risk of all-cause death. A reduction in LVESD of 7.2% was identified as the optimal cutoff value to predict survival, with significant mortality differences observed based on LVESD and EF changes.

Study published: 2023-11-01

Singing improves vascular health in CAD

Singing along to an instructional video significantly improved microvascular endothelial function, as indicated by an increase in the Framingham reactive hyperemia index (fRHI). Additionally, heart rate variability (HRV) showed favorable changes with both singing interventions.

Study published: 2024-07-27

Obesity increases stroke and heart disease risk

The study found that obesity significantly increases the risk of stroke and heart disease, especially in middle-aged adults, with an incidence rate ratio of 4.18 for obese middle-aged individuals.

Study published: 2023-10-31

Polygenic risk score reduces heart events

Participants receiving the IRS had a significantly lower incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to those receiving only the Framingham risk score (FRS).

Study published: 2024-07-19

Aquapheresis improves heart failure outcomes for patients with strong relationships.

The machine learning model developed in this study accurately predicted 90-day heart failure events with an area under the curve of 0.88, sensitivity of 80%, and specificity of 75%. The model identified key predictors for successful aquapheresis treatment, including the importance of intimate relationships with loved ones.

Study published: 2023-05-08

Low-dose rivaroxaban reduces late lumen loss in patients with coronary dissection.

Low-dose rivaroxaban significantly reduced late lumen loss compared to controls (-0.12 ± 0.56 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.37 mm, P = 0.002).

Study published: 2024-01-07

Coronary stent implantation improves blood flow in patients with coronary heart disease.

The development of a core outcome set (COS) for coronary stent implantation will standardize reporting in clinical trials, enhance the comparability of results, and improve the quality of evidence for treatment effectiveness and safety.

Study published: 2024-07-10

Nutritional interventions improve growth in children with congenital heart disease

The study found that addressing malnutrition in children with CHD can lead to improved growth metrics, with specific findings indicating that children with pulmonary hypertension had a higher likelihood of wasting and stunting. Older children were also found to be at greater risk of being underweight, highlighting the need for targeted nutritional support.

Study published: 2021-04-19

Heart transplant surgery improves survival for patients with atrial fibrillation.

Despite worse short-term outcomes, heart transplant recipients with pre-transplant AF had comparable survival rates at 5 years post-transplant compared to those without AF. The findings emphasize the long-term safety of heart transplantation in this population.

Study published: 2024-05-15

Helicobacter pylori infection increases body mass index and worsens coronary heart disease.

Genetically-predicted Helicobacter pylori infection was causally associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI), which in turn is linked to coronary heart disease. The findings suggest that addressing the infection may help in managing CHD indirectly through BMI reduction.

Study published: 2023-03-10

Controlling inflammatory markers reduces coronary heart disease risk in individuals with high levels.

The study indicates that controlling TNF-α and PCT levels can significantly reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease.

Study published: 2022-06-23

Home monitoring improves weight gain in HLHS infants

Enrollment in the ISVMP significantly reduced the association between social vulnerability and growth failure. Infants with middle and high social vulnerability who were enrolled in the program gained more weight compared to pre-ISVMP controls, indicating improved growth outcomes.

Study published: 2023-03-19

Spironolactone reduces collagen peptides

Spironolactone significantly reduced urinary peptides derived from collagen, indicating its antifibrotic effects. It also led to lower serum PICP and PICP/CITP ratios, suggesting a decrease in collagen synthesis and turnover.

Study published: 2023-04-05

Anti-diabetic medications reduce heart failure risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

The study identifies novel genetic loci associated with diabetes-related heart failure and provides evidence that T2D increases the risk of HF and vice versa. It highlights the importance of correcting for collider bias to uncover true genetic associations.

Study published: 2023-09-25

Genetic counselor-led communication aid improves sharing of results in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The intervention group showed higher genetic knowledge scores compared to the control group, with 59% achieving fair communication of results. However, 29% of at-risk relatives remained uninformed about genetic results.

Study published: 2021-12-21

Women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy face worse heart failure outcomes

The study found that women had a higher risk of heart failure but a lower risk of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia compared to men. Understanding these differences can lead to improved management strategies for both sexes.

Study published: 2023-06-20

Intensive blood pressure control reduces heart failure risk in patients with albuminuria and left ventricular hypertrophy.

The study found that concomitant albuminuria and LVH significantly increased the risk of ADHF compared to either condition alone, highlighting the importance of monitoring these factors in high-risk patients.

Study published: 2023-07-08

Telemonitoring improves cardiovascular care

The NICC was associated with higher quality of life, increased health utility, and a cost-effective outcome of approximately 11,000€ per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY).

Study published: 2023-05-14

Stress echocardiography improves ischemia assessment in patients with coronary artery disease.

Stress echocardiography shows high diagnostic accuracy, enhances risk stratification capabilities, and is cost-effective, leading to improved patient outcomes and timely management of ischemic heart disease.

Study published: 2023-09-18

Coronary artery disease risk factors identified

The study found a significant incidence of CAD among males, particularly those under 60 years of age and smokers. It highlighted the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension as major risk factors, with a notable number of patients undergoing PCI as a treatment option.

Study published: 2021-11-18

Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire improves quality of life in elderly patients with tricuspid regurgitation.

The KCCQ demonstrated strong psychometric properties, including reliability, responsiveness, and validity in assessing health status in patients with severe TR. Significant improvements in KCCQ scores were observed in patients after TTVI, indicating enhanced quality of life and symptom relief.

Study published: 2024-02-08